Analisis Korelasi Parameter Kualitas Perairan Kolong Pascatambang Timah dengan Umur Berbeda
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas dan korelasi antara sejumlah parameter kualitas perairan di kolong pascatambang timah dengan umur berbeda untuk pengembangan akuakultur. Pengukuran kualitas air dilakukan pada kolong berumur < 1 tahun, umur 20-25 tahun, dan umur > 50 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kolong berumur < 1 tahun bersifat asam (pH 3,71) dengan Eh 0.16 V, DO 5.20 ppm, COD 10.173 ppm, TSS 3.667 ppm, konduktivitas143.75 Us.cm-1, total nitrogen 0.069 ppm, dan total fosfat 0.019 ppm. Karaktersitik perairan kolong berumur > 20 tahun mengalami perbaikan kualitas, khususnya pH dan DO. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan pH 6.98-7.09, DO 7.07-7.20 ppm, COD 13.900-15.400 ppm, TDS 38.93-81.63 ppm, TSS 6.00 ppm, Eh 0.01-0.02 V, konduktivitas 58.40-122.45 Us.cm-1, total nitrogen 0.021-0.041 ppm, dan total fosfat 0.013-0.021 ppm. Kualitas perairan di kolong pascatambang timah, khususnya di kolong berumur < 1 tahun cenderung berkualitas rendah, meskipun demikian sejumlah ikan ditemukan mampu hidup di kolong tersebut seperti ikan gabus (Channa sp.), sepat rawa (Trichogaster sp.), kemuring (Puntius sp.), nila (Oreochromis sp.), tempala (Betta sp.), merak atau cere (Gambusia sp.), seluang (Rasbora sp.), betok (Anabas sp.), selinca (Belontia sp.), berenet atau eyespot rasbora (Brevibora sp.), mata tiga (ikan padi atau javanese ricefish) (Oryzias sp.), dan kepala timah (Aplocheilus sp.). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa spesies ikan memiliki kemampuan bertahan hidup dan adaptasi yang baik di lingkungan berkualitas rendah. Sementara itu, ikan-ikan tersebut juga ditemukan di sejumlah kolong yang berumur > 20 tahun. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa spesies-spesies tersebut memiliki rentang kualitas perairan yang luas untuk kehidupannya serta berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai komoditas akuakultur ataupun organisme suksesor di perairan kolong pascatambang timah.
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