Acute Lethal Toxicity Test of Cd2 + Against Gambusia (Gambusia affinis) and Influence on Protease Activity
Keywords:
cadmium, LC50-96 hours, acute toxicity
Abstract
Cadmium the form of undamaged elements but can change shape to different compounds. The low concentrations of toxic cadmium for all life, including plants, fish, birds, mammals (including humans), and microorganisms. The purpose of this research is to know the value of LC50-96 hours Cd2+ on test biota. The test biota was Gambusia fish (Gambusia affinis), the test biota can represented the actual state of the environment. The study was divided into two stages, namely preliminary test and acute lethal toxicity (LC50-96 hours), each treatment repeated three times. Acute lethal toxicity test data were analyzed probit. The results showed that the value of LC50-96 hours Cd2+ to fish gambusia was 0.03 ppm. While in the protease activity of cadmium exposed preliminary fish increased activity from the control fish.
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References
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Adam, Moh Awaludin, Maftuch Maftuch, Yuni Kilawati, and Yenny Risjani. 2019a. “Clinical Symptoms of Gambusia Fsih (Gambusia Affinis) After Exposure to Cadmium Absorbed in The Gills.” Pollution Research 38 (March Suppl. Issue): 88–93.
———. 2019b. “Detection of Metallothionein Protein Biomarkers ( MTs ) and Pinocytosis Activity in Gambusia Fish ( Gambusia Affinis ) Exposed to Cadmium.” Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 18 (3): 989–94. http://www.neptjournal.com/.
———. 2019c. “The Effect of Cadmium Exposure on the Cytoskeleton and Morphology of the Gill Chloride Cells in Juvenile Mosquito Fish (Gambusia Affinis).” Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 45 (4): 337–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2019.11.011.
Bergmeyer, Hans Ulrich. 1974. From the Preface to the 1st Edition. METHODS OF ENZYMATIC ANALYSIS: Volume 2. Second Edi. Verlag Chemie GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-091302-2.50004-9.
Blair, R Clifford, and Richard A Taylor. 2007. “MINITAB 14 Supplement for : Biostatistics for the Health Sciences.” Methods.
Bryman, Alan, and Duncan Cramer. 2005. Quantitative Data Analysis With SPSS 12 and 13.
Carlson, Jeanette M, Embriette R Hyde, Joseph F Petrosino, Ananda B W Manage, and Todd P Primm. 2015. “Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , Part C The Host Effects of Gambusia Af Fi Nis with an Antibiotic-Disrupted Microbiome ☆.” Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C 178: 163–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.10.004.
Checconi, Paola, Rossella Sgarbanti, Ignacio Celestino, Dolores Limongi, Anna Teresa Palamara, and Lucia Nencioni. 2013. “The Environmental Pollutant Cadmium Promotes Influenza Virus Replication in MDCK Cells by Altering Their Redox State,” 4148–62. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14024148.
DJ, Finney. 1982. “Probit Analysis.” Cambridge University Press, 256. https://doi.org/10.1038/161417a0.
Duruibe, J O, and M O C Ogwuegbu. 2007. “Heavy Metal Pollution and Human Biotoxic Effects.” International Journal of Physical Sciences 2 (5): 112–18.
Epa, U S. 2016. “Aquatic Life Ambient Water Quality Criterion for Selenium – Freshwater.”
Gaddum, J. H. 1948. “Probit Analysis.” Nature 161 (4090): 417–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/161417a0.
Gadhave, P. D., R. S. Brar, H. S. Banga, and A. Dhawan. 2014. “Studies on Acute Toxicity of Synthetic Pyrethroid λ-Cyhalothrin on Freshwater Fish Labeo Rohita.” Veterinary World 7 (1): 7–9. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.7-9.
Gao, Caiqiu, Chao Wang, Lei Zheng, Liuqiang Wang, and Yucheng Wang. 2012. “A LEA Gene Regulates Cadmium Tolerance by Mediating Physiological Responses,” 5468–81. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13055468.
Geyer, Rebecca L, Geoffrey R Smith, Jessica E Rettig, and Geoffrey R Smith. 2016. “Effects of Roundup Formulations , Nutrient Addition , and Western Mosquitofish ( Gambusia Affinis ) on Aquatic Communities.” https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6381-2.
Harisha, S. 2007. Biotechnology Procedures and Experiments Handbook.
Hirata, Taku, Toyoji Kaneko, Toshihiro Ono, Takeru Nakazato, Norihisa Furukawa, Sanae Hasegawa, Shigeo Wakabayashi, et al. 2003. “Mechanism of Acid Adaptation of a Fish Living in a PH 3.5 Lake.” American Journal of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 284: R1199–1212. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00267.2002.
Lamatsch, Dunja K, Sofia Adolfsson, Alistair M Senior, and Guntram Christiansen. 2015. “A Transcriptome Derived Female-Specific Marker from the Invasive Western Mosquitofish ( Gambusia Affinis ),” 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118214.
Levit, Stuart M. 2010. “A Literature Review of Effects of Cadmium on Fish,” no. November.
Mohanty, Bidut Prava, Malaya Ranjan Mahananda, and Suchismita Pradhan. 2013. “Cadmium Induced Toxicity and Antioxidant Activities in Labeo Rohita ( Hamilton )” 1 (2): 41–47. https://doi.org/10.13189/eer.2013.010203.
Muaja, Arter D, Harry S J Koleangan, and Max R J Runtuwene. 2013. “Uji Toksisitas Dengan Metode BSLT Dan Analisis Kandungan Fitokimia Ekstrak Daun Soyogik ( Saurauia Bracteosa DC ) Dengan Metode Soxhletasi.” Journal of Natural Products 2 (2): 115–18.
Nair, Ambily Ravindran, Olivier Degheselle, Karen Smeets, Emmy Van Kerkhove, and Ann Cuypers. 2013. “Cadmium-Induced Pathologies : Where Is the Oxidative Balance Lost ( or Not )?,” 6116–43. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14036116.
Nemmiche, Saïd. 2017. “Oxidative Signaling Response to Cadmium Exposure.” Toxicological Sciences 156 (1): 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfw222.
Novianto, Rio T.W.D., Fida Rachmadiarti, and Raharjo. 2012. “Analisis Kadar Timbal (Pb) Dan Kadmium (Cd) Pada Udang Putih (Penaeus Marguiensis) Di Pantai Gesek Sedati Sidoarjo.” Lentera Bio 1 (2): 63–66.
Quinlan, Gregory J, Timothy W Evans, and John M C Gutteridge. 1994. “OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO PLASMA PROTEINS IN ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME” 20 (5): 289–98.
Recherche, Laboratoire De, and L R Es. 2013. “Cadmium : Bioaccumulation , Histopathology and Detoxifying Mechanisms in Fish” 1 (4): 60–79.
Tyas, Nanik Mustikaning, Djamar Tumpal Floranthus Lumban Batu, and Ridwan Affandi. 2016. “The Lethal Toxicity Test of Cr6+ on (Oreochromis Niloticus).” Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 21 (2): 128–32. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.21.2.128.
Published
2020-04-11
How to Cite
Yuliana, I Gusti Ngurah Putu Utama, & Adam, M. A. (2020). Acute Lethal Toxicity Test of Cd2 + Against Gambusia (Gambusia affinis) and Influence on Protease Activity. Samakia : Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan, 11(1), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.35316/jsapi.v11i1.707
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Copyright (c) 2020 Yuliana, I Gusti Ngurah Putu Utama, Moh. Awaluddin Adam
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