RANCANGAN MODEL ASISTEN VIRTUAL BERBASIS RETRIEVAL-AUGMENTED GENERATION UNTUK MENDUKUNG PEMBELAJARAN MAHASISWA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35316/.v11i1.9596Kata Kunci:
asisten virtual, pembelajaran mahasiswa, Retrieval-Augmented Generation, generative AI, pendidikan tinggiAbstrak
Pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan generatif di perguruan tinggi semakin dekat dengan aktivitas belajar mahasiswa, terutama ketika mahasiswa membutuhkan penjelasan tambahan, bahan pendukung, atau arahan awal dalam memahami materi. Di sisi lain, pemanfaatan AI generatif masih menimbulkan persoalan terkait akurasi jawaban, keterlacakan sumber, integritas akademik, dan kecenderungan mahasiswa menerima jawaban secara instan tanpa proses telaah yang memadai. Artikel ini bertujuan merumuskan rancangan model asisten virtual berbasis Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) sebagai pendamping belajar mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian konseptual melalui studi pustaka dan perancangan model sistem. Literatur yang ditelaah mencakup chatbot pendidikan, RAG, generative AI di pendidikan tinggi, AI dalam pembelajaran pemrograman, serta isu etika penggunaan AI. Model yang diusulkan mencakup pengelolaan dokumen pembelajaran, prapemrosesan, chunking, embedding, basis data vektor, retrieval, konstruksi prompt, generasi jawaban, dan evaluasi respons. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa RAG berpotensi memberi jawaban yang lebih kontekstual karena respons diarahkan pada dokumen akademik yang telah ditentukan. Kontribusi artikel ini berupa rancangan konseptual, alur pemanfaatan, serta indikator evaluasi yang dapat dijadikan dasar pengembangan prototipe asisten virtual pembelajaran secara lebih terukur.
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