KEBEBASAN MEDIA MASSA DAN TANTANGAN INFODEMIK DI ERA DIGITAL: DINAMIKA, POLARISASI, DAN IMPLIKASI REGULASI

Abstract

The rapid advancement of digital technology and the internet has fundamentally
transformed the dynamic relationship between mass media and society. While this
phenomenon expands the space for freedom of expression, it simultaneously introduces new
challenges, such as the infodemic, the spread of disinformation, and information polarization
driven by social media algorithms. This study aims to analyze the impact of digital technology
on media freedom, identify the challenges mass media face in maintaining information
integrity, and outline the regulatory roles of the government and relevant institutions in
fostering a balanced information ecosystem. A descriptive-analytic qualitative method was
employed, utilizing a literature review and content analysis of various scientific documents
and regulatory frameworks. The findings indicate that digital transformation has shifted
society’s role from passive consumers to content prosumers, requiring traditional media to
adapt through participatory journalism, rigorous verification, and collaboration with fact
checking organizations. Flexible regulations, enhanced public media literacy, and
independent oversight by institutions such as the Press Council and KPI are vital. In conclusion, media freedom in the digital age must be balanced with social responsibility
through synergy among the government, media, and the public to sustain democratic stability
and ensure a healthy public sphere.