Gharar dan Ketimpangan Setoran Dalam Praktik Arisan Online Sistem Menurun: Analisis Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the practice of online rotating savings and credit associations (arisan) using a decreasing contribution system in Kembang Village, Tlogosari District, Bondowoso Regency, and to examine its compliance with Islamic Economic Law principles. This study employed a qualitative approach using field research. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving the administrator and members of the online arisan. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively by examining the mechanism of the arisan, differences in contribution amounts, the timing of fund disbursement, and the balance of rights and obligations among participants. The findings indicate that the decreasing-contribution online arisan is conducted through WhatsApp using a number or slot selection mechanism. Participants who choose earlier numbers receive the funds sooner but are required to pay larger contributions, whereas participants choosing later numbers pay smaller contributions and receive the funds after a longer waiting period. In practice, the administrator also receives administrative fees and additional get payments in each arisan group. From the perspective of Islamic Economic Law, this mechanism has characteristics of a debt contract (qardh). However, differences between the contributions paid and the funds received create an imbalance in the rights and obligations of participants. This condition is considered to contain elements of gharar and riba and may result in injustice among participants. Therefore, the practice of online arisan with a decreasing contribution system identified in this study is considered inconsistent with the principles of Islamic Economic Law