FAKTOR-FAKTOR RESIKO PENYEBAB TERJADINYA STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 23-59 BULAN

Abstract

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem that occurs in toddlers which causes short toddlers and linear growth retardation (RPL) which can subsequently affect health outwardly but includes mental and emotional health, even intelligence or intellect. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the relationship between risk factors that cause stunting in infants aged 23-59 months in Panduman village. The research design used cross-sectional with 111 samples of toddlers obtained by simple random sampling. Data measurement through TB measurement, questionnaire interview, and food recall and analysis using Chi-square. The results showed the prevalence of stunting was 32.5% and normal toddlers were 67.5%. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between the factors of death (maternal age at pregnancy, maternal nutritional status during pregnancy), postnatal factors (Exclusive breastfeeding, immunization history, infectious diseases), family characteristics (maternal education, father's work, and socioeconomic status) with the incidence of stunting.  

 Keywords: Stunting, Causative factor, Toddlers Aged 23-59 Months.

ABSTRAK

 Stunting merupakan masalah kekurangan gizi kronis yang terjadi pada balita yang menyebabkan balita pendek dan terjadi retardasi pertumbuhan linear (RPL) yang selanjutnya dapat berdampak pada kesehatan secara lahiriah, namun meliputi kesehatan jiwa dan emosi, bahkan kecerdasan atau intelektualnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hubungan faktor-faktor resiko penyebab terjadinya stunting pada balita usia 23-59 bulan di desa Panduman. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 111 balita yang didapat dengancara simple random sampling. Pengukuran data melalui pengukuran TB, wawancara Kuesioner, dan Foodrecall dan Analisis menggunakan Chi square.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi stunting sebesar 32,5 % dan balita Normal 67,5%. Analisis uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara faktor prenatal (usia ibu saat hamil, status gizi ibu saat hamil), faktor pascanatal (ASI Eksklusif, riwayat imunisasi, penyakit infeksi), Karakteristik keluarga (pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ayah dan status sosial ekonomi) dengan kejadian stunting.

 Kata Kunci : Stunting, Faktor Penyebab, Balita Usia 23-59 Bulan.