STUDI EKSPLORASI STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK USIA DINI

Umi Masturoh; Ainnun Rohma; Maulidi Maulidi; Luluk Rochanah

Authors

Umi Masturoh Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, Universitas Islam Al Azhar Menganti Gresik (61174), Indonesia.
Ainnun Rohma Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, Universitas Islam Al Azhar Menganti Gresik (61174), Indonesia.
Maulidi Maulidi Fakultas Tarbiyah, Universitas Ibrahimy Situbondo (68374), Indonesia
Luluk Rochanah IAI Al-Khoziny Sidoarjo (61252), Indonesia

Keywords:

Gross Motor Skills, Stimulation, Early Childhood, Ece, Multi-Site Exploratory Study

Abstract

Gross This study explores the limitations in gross motor stimulation variety, the influencing factors, and contextual alternative solutions across four early childhood education (ECE) institutions in Gresik Regency. Employing a qualitative multi-site case study approach, data were collected from 264 informants through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, documentation, and STPPA-based developmental assessments. Findings reveal that gross motor stimulation remains confined to walking and running, leaving balance, coordination, agility, and movement control understimulated. Contributing factors are multidimensional: internally, educators perceive gross motor activities as secondary and lack pedagogical training for structured physical activity design; externally, limited movement spaces and geographical conditions further constrain practice. Anticipatory strategies integrating six developmental domains and school-parent collaboration have been implemented, yet remain reactive. Three contextually proven solutions were identified: creative theme-based play to engage multidimensional movement; traditional games (jump rope, engklek) as culturally rich media proven to enhance agility and coordination; and Carpet Maze media that specifically stimulates static and dynamic balance in constrained spaces. As the first multi-site exploratory study at the district level, this research provides an empirical mapping of the gap between theory and gross motor stimulation practice, establishing a scientific foundation for developing more varied, contextual, and holistically child-oriented stimulation programs.

References

Adab, I., Andry, A., & Karnati, N. (2023). Studi kasus desain dan metode robert K.yin (1 ed.). Indramayu: Penerbit Adab. Diambil dari https://books.google.co.id/books?id=FBXAEAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

Agustianti, R., Nussifera, L., Angelianawati, L., Meliana, I., & ... (2022). Metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. books.google.com. Diambil dari https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=giKkEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA13&dq=metode+penelitian+kualitatif&ots=8TPfNduyzA&sig=iWIaPp3ZaGEJprRKpLtqJbbee6M

Aini, A. N., & Salim, A. (2026). Structured Play Program Supports Gross Motor Development in Early Childhood: Program Bermain Terstruktur Mendukung Perkembangan Motorik Kasar pada Masa Kanak-kanak Awal. Academia Open, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.10.2025.12335

Candra, O., Pranoto, N. W., Ropitasari, R., Cahyono, D., Sukmawati, E., & Cs, A. (2023). Peran Pendidikan Jasmani dalam Pengembangan Motorik Kasar pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(2), 2538–2546. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i2.4506

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (6 ed.). Sage. Diambil dari https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Research_Design.html?id=Pr2VEAAAQBAJ&redir_esc

Damayanti, N., & Suparno, S. (2023). Efektivitas Model Permainan Petak Umpet untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Anak. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(4), 4243–4258. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.4937

Florit, E., Bastianello, T., Andalò, B., & Majorano, M. (2024). I-MovE. An intervention to promote movement at childcare centers: Benefits for motor cognitive and socio-emotional development. PLOS ONE, 19(1), e0297645. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297645

Haida, G., Samsidar, S., & Daulay, F. (2023). Tarian Kreasi sebagai Sarana Efektif Pengembangan Motorik Kasar pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(6), 7277–7287. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i6.5731

Hassani, F., & Afazeli, Z. (2024). Be More Active with Traditional Games: Traditional Review. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(1), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.5336/sportsci.2023-99764

Khotimah, A. K., Hartono, H., & Ary, D. da. (2023). Pengaruh Pembelajaran Tari Tani terhadap Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(4), 4326–4335. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.5129

Megawati, R., Jamil, Z. A., & Jamilah. (2023). Permainan Tradisional Lompat Tali Dalam Mengembangkan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini. DZURRIYAT : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 1(1), 82–93. https://doi.org/10.61104/jd.v1i1.26

Ningrum, M. A., Niya, L. D. C., & Hamidah, M. (2023). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar melalui Permainan Halang Rintang pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(5), 5133–5142. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i5.4868

Nofianti, R., Waeno, M., & Utami, R. D. (2025). Partners in Play: Examining Parent-Teacher Collaboration on Preschoolers’ Cognitive Growth. Golden Age: Jurnal Ilmiah Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Dini, 10(4), 731–748. https://doi.org/10.14421/jga.2025.104-07

Pranoto, N. W., Ma’mun, A., Mulyana, M., & Kusmaedi, N. (2021). The Effect of Fundamental Motor Skills Intervention Program on Kindergarten Students. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090326

Rahmawati, A., Halimah, N., Kasimbara, R. P., & Pradita, A. (2023). Pengaruh Pemberian Bobath Exercise Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Developmental Delay Di UPT Layanan Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Kabupaten Gresik. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v8i1.16252

Rahmawati, I. W., & Suryadi, S. (2025). Teachers’ Understanding of Gross Motor Skills in Early Childhood: A Theoretical Review. AlBanna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.24260/albanna.v5i1.4571

Rahmawati, N., & Pamungkas, J. (2023). Tari Tikus Buntung untuk Mengembangkan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(4), 4287–4294. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.4623

Rose, A., Rahmaningtyas, I., Rahayu, D. E., & Antono, S. D. (2025). The Effectiveness of the Development of Gross Motoric Skills Among Preschool Children Between Pre and Post Stimulation of Traditional Engklek Games. Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal, 9(3), 333–344. https://doi.org/10.20473/imhsj.v9i3.2025.333-344

Saparia, A., Abduh, I., Wulur, D. C., Purwanto, D., Murtono, T., Nirmala, B., & Zainuddin, M. S. (2023). Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini Ditinjau dari Aspek Geografis (Studi pada Anak Usia Dini Daerah Pesisir dan Pegunungan). Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(3), 2811–2819. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i3.4381

Xiong, Y., Hu, X., Cao, J., Shang, L., Yao, Y., & Niu, B. (2024). Development of gross motor skills in children under the age of 3 years: A decision tree approach. Frontiers in Public Health, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1421173