THE ROOTS OF VIOLENCE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD FROM A SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE

Asri Cahayanengdian; Wa Ode Siti Hamsinah Day; Adela Anita

Authors

Asri Cahayanengdian Universitas Musamus (99611), Merauke, Indonesia
Wa Ode Siti Hamsinah Day Universitas Musamus (99611), Merauke, Indonesia
Adela Anita Universitas Musamus (99611), Merauke, Indonesia

Keywords:

Early childhood, Social psychology, Violence

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the roots of violent behavior in early childhood, specifically behavior stemming from prior experiences of violence from a psychological perspective. This study uses a literature review approach, examining national and international research on violence against early childhood, social psychology theory, and reports from institutions such as KPAI and Komnas PA. Research findings indicate that, from a social psychology perspective, the roots of violence in early childhood, whether experienced or perpetrated by children, stem from complex interactions among social learning processes, family environmental conditions, socioeconomic factors, exposure to digital media, and the dynamics of educational institutions. This study is limited to a narrative literature review. It therefore does not provide direct empirical testing of the relationships identified among social learning, family environment, socio-economic pressures, digital media exposure, and educational institutions. Nevertheless, the thematic and chronological synthesis demonstrates that these factors are interconnected through social learning, whereby children observe, interpret, and reproduce behavioral models from their families, peers, teachers, and media environments. The main contribution of this study is the integration of previously fragmented findings into a social-psychological framework that positions social learning as a connecting mechanism linking individual behavior with family, economic, digital, and educational contexts. Future research should employ mixed-methods or longitudinal designs to empirically examine these interactions and identify how violent behavior develops and changes across different social environments.

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