FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY DAN DIGITAL BANKING TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN: PERAN MEDIASI EFISIENSI OPERASIONAL PADA BANK UMUM DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Abstract

This study analyzes the influence of Financial Technology and Digital Banking on Financial Performance, with Operational Efficiency as a mediating variable, in conventional commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2019–2025. Financial Technology is proxied by Fee-Based Income, Digital Banking by mobile banking transaction volume, Operational Efficiency by the BOPO ratio, and Financial Performance by Return on Assets. The sample was determined through purposive sampling based on KBMI 3 and 4 classifications, so that 7 commercial banks were obtained with 49 panel data observations. Data were analyzed using panel data regression in EViews 12, including descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, model selection tests (Chow, Hausman, Lagrange Multiplier), hypothesis tests, F tests, Adjusted R² tests, and Sobel mediation tests. The results show that Financial Technology does not have a significant effect on Operational Efficiency or Financial Performance, while Digital Banking has a significant negative effect on Operational Efficiency and has a significant positive effect on Financial Performance. Operational Efficiency has a significant negative effect on Financial Performance and partially mediates the influence of Digital Banking, but does not mediate the influence of Financial Technology on Financial Performance. These findings support the relevance of the Resource-Based View and Technology Acceptance Model in explaining how banks' digital capabilities function as strategic resources